• Screening test for the detection of antibodies against neuronal antigens.
• Indications: neurological diseases.
• Initial dilution 1 : 10; conjugate class anti-human IgG, FITC-labelled.
• Primate cerebellum and primate nerves are the standard substrates for the determination of various neuronal antibodies. The parallel use of primate intestine permits the reliable differentiation from other autoantibodies (e.g. ANA) and makes it possible to distinguish between anti-Ri and anti-Hu.
• Antibodies against grey matter react intensively with the stratum granulosum and in a weaker form with the stratum moleculare of the cerebellum. Target antigen: glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Clinical significance: stiff man syndrome, diabetes mellitus type I.
• Antibodies against Yo stain exclusively the cytoplasm of the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Clinical significance: paraneoplastic cerebellum syndrome, indication of a malignoma.
• In the case of antibodies against Hu and Ri all neurone nuclei in the grey matter show a granular fluorescence. Hu antibodies react in the intestine with cell nuclei of the plexus myentericus, whereas Ri antibodies do not. Clinical significance: paraneoplastic cerebellum syndrome, indication of a malignoma.
• The white matter of the cerebellum is stained by antibodies against myelin, which appear as hyaline cylinders on tissue sections of peripheral nerves.
• The fluorescence of the Virchow-Robin space (cerebellum) and the pia is caused by autoantibodies developed in neuromyelitis optica (NMO-IgG).
• Antibodies against myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) cause a rather streaked fluorescence pattern. Clinical significance: paraproteinaemic neuropathy.
• The BIOCHIP Mosaic™ can be supplemented as required with further substrates, e.g. cerebrum (antibodies against astrocytes), primate liver (ANA), Crithidia luciliae (anti-dsDNA), primate stomach (parietal cell antibodies), Borrelia (neuroborreliosis-associated). Aquaporin-4(AQP4) transfected HEK cells allow a monospecific antibody determination in suspected cases of neuromyelitis optica (NMO).

• Differentiation of antibodies against neuronal antigens.
• Indication: paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes (PNS).
• Serum dilution 1 : 100; conjugate class anti-human IgG, AP-labelled.
• With the EUROLINE Profile Neuronal Antigens, six autoantibodies can be determined: antibodies against amphiphysin, CV2.1*, PNMA2 (Ma2/Ta), Ri, Yo and Hu.
• Test strips can be automatically incubated and evaluated using the systems EUROBlotMaster und EUROLineScan.
• Additionally, EUROIMMUN offers a Westernblot for the detection of antibodies against neuronal antigens: DW 1111-1601 G.

*) CV2 partial protein, which only contains the N-terminally localised epitopes of the antigen.

• Differentiation of antibodies against the neuronal antigens Hu, Yo and Ri.
• Indication: paraneoplastic neurologic symptoms (PNS).
• Proteins from a whole extract of primate cerebellum are electrophoretically separated according to molecular mass and transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane (westernblot). A membrane chip coated with recombinant Hu D, Ri 55 kDa and Yo CDR2 antigens is then added to the westernblot strips.
• EUROLINE-WB offers the ease of interpretation of a line blot for anti-Hu, anti-Yo and anti-Ri, the most described anti-neuronal antibodies. The complete antigen spectrum provided by the Westernblot, moreover, allows the detection of additional, so far unknown anti-neuronal autoantibodies, which occur in a subset of PNS patients.
• Serum dilution 1 : 50; conjugate class anti-human IgG, AP-labelled.
• Antigens: SDS extract of primate cerebellum, recombinant Hu, Yo and Ri.